心脏康复五大处方之“戒烟处方”

各位朋友：

大家好，现在是“每天健康三分钟”时间，我是道简-心血管康复医生集团的护士胡亚婷，今天有我为大家讲一下“心脏康复五大处方之“戒烟处方”

每一包香烟都告诉我们：吸烟有害健康

吸烟，包括二手烟，不仅会增加癌症、呼吸系统疾病，以及急性心肌梗死和心脏猝死的风险，也是增加卒中的重要危险因素，心房颤动本身最大的危害是卒中，再加上吸烟，包括二手烟，必然是火上加油，心房颤动的患者一定要下决心，从今天起远离烟草。

一般而言，哪怕吸一支烟，会使生命缩短十分钟，在所有吸烟者中，约有四分之一生命缩短20—25年，另外四分之一生命缩短9年

那么戒烟有哪些益处呢：

戒烟2小时后，尼古丁从体内被排除。约2天后，尼古丁的所有代谢产物都会消失。

6小时后，心率减慢，血压略微发生变化。3到30天后，血压应该下降到正常水平。

24小时后，一氧化碳从体内排除。肺功能改善，可以做更多的工作，而不会感到气短。

2天后，味觉和嗅觉变灵敏。头发、手指和牙齿更清洁。这是一种好的迹象。因为这意味着肺正在变得更清洁。

2个月后，手和脚的血流得到改善。

12个月后，心脏病的发作的危险减半。

所以在心脏康复的戒烟处方中，我们的态度要显得非常坚决。

吸烟有害身体，身为心内科医生的最有体会：“吸烟是导致心肌梗死的直接因素，每天吸两包烟心肌梗死的风险比不吸烟的人能高出8倍之多。

但是，这并不是最可怕的。最可怕的是很多人胆固醇很高，但是仍旧在坚持吸烟；已经因为心血管疾病放过支架，做过心脏搭桥手术，但依旧在吸烟。” 在35~45岁的男性中，吸烟对心肌梗死的影响是第一位的。单独一种因素已经可以让心肌梗死高发了，而高胆固醇和高吸烟量协同作用下，心肌梗死可能性更高。尤其是做过药物支架的患者，更要马上戒烟了。吸烟促进血栓的形成，会进一步增加药物支架患者心肌梗死的危险。

戒烟仅通过劝诫是没有效果的，最好的办法就是技术戒烟与劝诫协同作战。在心脏康复团队中，将会有专门的心内科医生、心理医生的配合，对患者，对患者开展专门的、规范的戒烟门诊治疗。

Dear friends, nice to meet you!Now it is time for “health talk for three minutes every day”,My name is Hu Yating, a nurse of Daojian Doctor Group of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation.Today, I'd like to talk to you about one of the top five prescriptions for cardiac rehabilitation: quitting smoking.

Every packet of cigarettes says that smoking is harmful to your health. Smoking, including second-hand smoke, not only increases the risk of cancer, respiratory diseases, acute myocardial infarction and sudden death, but also increases the risk of stroke. Patients with atrial fibrillation themselves have the risk of stroke. If patients do not quit smoking, even if they inhale second-hand smoke, it will increase the possibility of stroke. Therefore, patients with atrial fibrillation must make up their minds to stay away from tobacco. In general, even one cigarette can shorten life by 10 minutes. Among all smokers, the life span of about a quarter of smokers will be shortened by 20 to 25 years,and the life of another quarter of smokers will be shortened by 9 years.

So what are the benefits of quitting smoking. Nicotine will be excreted from the body two hours after quitting smoking. After about two days, all of the nicotine metabolites disappear. After 6 hours, the heart rate will slow down and the blood pressure will change slightly.After 3 to 30 days, blood pressure will drop to normal.After 24 hours, carbon monoxide will be discharged from the body, the patient's lung function will be improved, more physical activity can be done, and patients will not feel shortness of breath. After 2 days, taste and smell will become more sensitive. Hair, fingers and teeth will be cleaner. This is a good sign.Because it means the lungs are getting cleaner.

After 2 months, the blood flow of hands and feet will be improved. After 12 months, the risk of heart disease will be halved.

Therefore, we should be very resolute in giving up smoking for patients with cardiac rehabilitation. Smoking is harmful to the body. As a cardiologist, I have the most experience:"smoking is the direct factor leading to myocardial infarction. If you smoke two packs of cigarettes a day, the risk of myocardial infarction in smokers is 8 times higher than that in non-smokers. But this is not the most terrifying. The most terrible thing is that many people have high cholesterol, but they still smoke, some patients have already had stent implantation or heart bypass surgery for cardiovascular disease, but they still smoke. "

Among men aged 35-45 years, smoking has the first effect on myocardial infarction.A single factor can make the risk of myocardial infarction very high, and patients with high cholesterol and high smoking have a higher risk of myocardial infarction. In particular, patients who have had stent implantation should quit smoking immediately. Smoking can promote thrombosis and further increase the risk of myocardial infarction.

Quitting smoking only through exhortation is not effective, and the best way is to cooperate with technology and persuasion. In the cardiac rehabilitation team, there will be special cardiologists and psychologists to cooperate with each otherto carry out special and standardized smoking cessation outpatient treatment for patients.

Finally, I wish you all a happy life and good health! To learn more about health knowledge, please pay attention to us.