只知道SGLT2i可不行?糖尿病合并心衰,药物循证学证据大盘点!
导读:心衰是糖尿病(DM)常见的大血管病变,也是导致患者住院/死亡的重要的原因之一,二者相互影响常“相伴而行”,是疾病管理过程中需要关注的重点。对于DM合并心衰的药物选择方面我们了解的可能并不全面。为此,医脉通邀请到来自广西医科大学附属柳州市人民医院心内科的胡世红教授,为大家盘点“DM合并心衰治疗药物”相关的循证学证据,希望有助于临床诊疗。
DM合并心衰的流行病学
DM增加心衰的可能机制
DM患者心衰的发生机制复杂,尚未被完全理解。正如在DM患者所见,肥胖使患者容易产生胰岛素抵抗和高血糖,也会导致心衰的发生。DM相关心脏功能障碍有多种机制,包括微血管内皮功能受损,心脏代谢异常(特别是心脏对葡萄糖和游离脂肪酸的异常处理、心肌纤维化加剧、氧化应激增加、神经内分泌系统(包括肾素-血管紧张素和交感神经系统)的局部激活,以及其他不太典型的途径,如内皮素增多。关于心脏代谢的变化,有人认为,即使在没有冠脉病变或结构性心脏病的情况下,DM心脏从葡萄糖代谢转变为游离脂肪酸代谢对心脏收缩力有负面影响,从而导致左心室收缩和舒张功能不全。然而,正如最近的综述所言,这一假设与其他研究小组提出的相反,存在很大的争议,他们假设钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2(SGLT2)抑制剂不能增强燃料供应,而是诱导一种“冬眠状态”,本质上导致能量保存和抵抗负荷源,如葡萄糖。
抗心衰药物及其在DM患者中的作用
降糖药对心衰的风险与获益——焦点集中于SGLT2抑制剂
专家介绍
胡世红教授
1988年毕业于广西医科大学,获医学硕士学位。系广西柳州市人民医院内科主任医师、教授、硕士生导师,从事心血管内科临床工作40余年。曾任广西心血管病学会常委、广西内科学会常委、广西医师协会健康管理委员会副主委高血压专业委员会副主委、柳州市高血压专业委员会主委、柳州市医学会会长、柳州市人民医院党委书记兼业务副院长等职。现仍在广西柳州市人民医院心内科从事临床和教学工作。近年来,先后全文翻译欧美专业指南或专家共识20多部,在心血管等网站发表。
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