城市生活对人的心理健康有害吗?来了解一下吧！
人们在大自然中是否更快乐，头顶是蓝天，脚下是新鲜的绿草?嘈杂的街道，拥挤的汽车和人群，会让我们不开心吗?
Are people happier in nature with blue skies overhead and fresh green grass underfoot? Could noisy streets, crowded with cars and people, make us unhappy?
城市生活对心理健康的影响对很多人都有影响。世界卫生组织估计，2014年世界上有54%的人口居住在城市地区。世卫组织补充说，到2050年，这一数字将增加到66%。
The possible mental health effects of city living affects a lot of people. The World Health Organization estimates that 54 percent of the world’s population lived in urban areas in 2014. The WHO adds that that amount will increase to 66 percent by 2050.
人们经常搬到城市去寻找更好的工作和更多的文化活动。但是，他们是在冒险吗?也许吧。
People often move to cities for better jobs and more cultural activities. But are they putting themselves at risk? Maybe.
美国精神病学协会的专家说，“自然环境或绿地”对我们的心理健康大有裨益。
Experts at the American Psychiatry Association say that "natural environments or green spaces" do much for good our mental health.
许多研究表明，大自然可以使我们平静，让我们感到快乐。专家说，自然也能帮助我们更好地学习。而体验自然可以帮助人们从日常工作中产生的精神疲劳中恢复过来。
Many studies have shown that nature can calm us and make us feel happy. Nature, experts say, can also help us learn better. And experiencing nature helps people recover from the mental tiredness that comes from day-to-day work.
其他研究还表明，户外活动可以帮助减少儿童注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)的症状。多动症是一种大脑障碍，它可以影响一个人的思维能力。
Other research also suggests that activity in natural outdoor settings can help to reduce the symptoms of Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. ADHD is a brain disorder that can effect a person’s ability to think clearly.
另一方面，心理健康专家说，一些研究表明，城市生活可能会损害我们的心理健康。但他们不能确切地说出原因。
On the other hand, mental health experts say some research suggests that city living might hurt our mental health. But they cannot say exactly why.
“城市环境的具体方面是什么导致一些人产生心理健康问题?”
"What are the specific aspects of the urban environment which causes some people to develop mental health issues?"
“已经有研究表明，人们从城市环境中被带到农村的环境中，他们的症状会得到改善。”我们也看到，城市越大，风险越大。
"There have been studies where people were literally taken out of an urban environment into a rural environment, and their symptoms would improve. And we also see that the greater the city the greater the risk.”
梅切利说，住在城市里的人比住在乡下的人更有可能患上精神病。
Mechelli says that someone who lives in a city is three times more likely to develop psychosis than someone who lives in the country.
国王学院的研究人员、城市规划师、土地和建筑设计师以及其他人都想了解城市生活和精神疾病。于是，他们开发了一款名为“城市心理”的智能手机应用。他们说他们想了解城市环境的不同部分是如何影响心理健康的。
Kings College researchers, along with city planners, land and building designers and others wanted to learn more about city living and mental illness. So, they created a smartphone app called Urban Mind. They say they wanted to understand how different parts of the urban environment affect mental wellbeing.
研究人员发现，“在户外，看树，听鸟鸣，看天空，与自然接触的感觉与更高水平的精神健康有关。
”
The researchers found that "being outdoors, seeing trees, hearing birdsong, seeing the sky, and feeling in contact with nature were associated with higher levels of mental well-being."
他们还发现，这些表面上的自然效果在那些有精神健康问题的人身上尤其强烈。
They also found that these seeming effects of nature were especially strong in those individuals at greater risk of mental health problems.
